Scientists warn of infectious killer fungus spreading worldwide

A drug-resistant variant of a common fungus is spreading across the globe, researchers have warned in a new review. Fungal infections affect nearly 6.5 million people each year, and are associated with a high mortality rate of over 50% even with antifungal therapy. Candida auris is a type of invasive yeast that can cause deadly infections – especially in those who already have a weakened immune system. (Picture: Getty)
The variant was first discovered in 2009, in the ear canal of a patient in Japan, and soon spread to many countries, including India, where it was identified as a major public health threat in 2014. Now, the latest review reveals several unique traits of the fungus that enable it to spread rapidly. Candida auris is already found in at least 61 countries on six continents. (Picture: Getty)
The study shows that the fungus is rapidly becoming resistant to drugs due to its ability to switch from a yeast-like growth form to a filament-driven spread. It also has cell wall proteins that enable it to stick to human skin ‘like glue’ and colonise it. It has ‘efflux pumps’ on its cell membrane that can remove antifungal drugs before they can kill it. It also sticks together to form slimy biofilm layers on surfaces, making it hard for drugs to penetrate. (Picture: Getty)
The study says: ‘Skin colonisation by C auris is a significant medical concern because colonised patients may facilitate inter- and intra-hospital transmission of C auris to other patients. The diagnosis of C auris infections is often hampered by misidentification, leading to delays in starting appropriate antifungal therapy. Taken together, these data underscore the need to develop novel antifungal agents with broad-spectrum activity against human fungal pathogens, to improve diagnostic tests, and to develop immune- and vaccine-based adjunct modalities for the treatment of high-risk patients.’ (Picture: Getty)
The researchers call for improved efforts to raise awareness about the fungal disease through better surveillance mechanisms, especially in resource-poor countries. However, it also notes that there are three new drugs that are currently in clinical trials that could likely become available for treatment of this fungal infection soon. (Picture: Getty)
Meanwhile, a study in May this year reported that rising global temperatures will accelerate the spread of a fungus responsible for millions of infections and up to 2.5 million deaths globally each year. One species, Aspergillus fumigatus, could expand its range by 77% by 2100, reaching more northerly parts of Europe, Asia and the Americas, potentially exposing 9 million more people in Europe alone. (Picture: Getty)
Lead author of the report, Dr Norman van Rhijn, said: ‘Changes in environmental factors, such as humidity and extreme weather events, will change habitats and drive fungal adaptation and spread. We’ve already seen the emergence of the fungus Candida auris due to rising temperatures, but, until now, we had little information of how other fungi might respond to this change in the environment.  Fungi are relatively under researched compared to viruses and parasites, but these maps show that fungal pathogens will likely impact most areas of the world in the future. Raising awareness and developing effective interventions for fungal pathogens will be essential to mitigate the consequences of this.’ (Picture: Getty)
American scientists claim that they have done something groundbreaking: ‘curing’ lab mice suffering from Alzheimer’s disease. For over 100 years now, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been widely viewed as a condition that cannot be undone, so a lot of research has focused on preventing the disease or slowing its progression rather than attempting to restore lost brain function. But researchers from the University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, and the Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center challenged this notion and explored whether brains already damaged by advanced Alzheimer’s could recover. (Picture: Getty)

What is Alzheimer’s? 

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, impairing the ability to perform daily tasks. It is important to note that Alzheimer’s disease is a form of dementia, accounting for 60-80% of cases, and while dementia is an overarching term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life, Alzheimer’s specifically affects parts of the brain that control thought, memory, and language. (Picture: Getty)

So, what did the researchers do? 

The team administered the rodents with the powerful compound P7C3-A20, and announced their findings in a new paper in the journal Cell Reports Medicine. Through using diverse preclinical mouse models and analysis of human AD brains, the team showed that the brain’s failure to maintain normal levels of a central cellular energy molecule, NAD+, is a major driver of AD, and that maintaining proper NAD+ balance can prevent and even reverse the disease. (Picture: Getty)
So, the researchers took two types of lab mice that have been genetically bred to be predisposed to Alzheimer’s. One group had mutations for the amyloid protein and the other had tau protein mutations. Both proteins are important to cellular function, but they can become dangerous if they accrete in the brain in the form of amyloid plaques and tau tangles — causing a breakdown in normal cellular processes.( Picture: Getty)
The team then injected P7C3-A20 into both mice cohorts at two months of age, later finding out that this treatment successfully prevented them from developing the disease. However, when they injected the compound into another batch of lab mice, who were suffering from a relatively advanced stage of Alzheimer’s at six months of age, the mice completely recovered their cognitive ability and NAD+ levels were restored to homeostasis levels. (Picture: Getty)
As people age, NAD+ levels decline naturally across the body, including in the brain, but without proper NAD+ balance, cells eventually become unable to do many of the critical processes required for proper function and survival. The study shows that the decline in NAD+ is even more severe in the brains of people with AD, and that this same phenomenon also occurs in mouse models of the disease. (Picture: Getty)
Study senior author professor Andrew A. Pieper said: ‘We were very excited and encouraged by our results. Restoring the brain’s energy balance achieved pathological and functional recovery in both lines of mice with advanced Alzheimer’s. Seeing this effect in two very different animal models, each driven by different genetic causes, strengthens the new idea that recovery from advanced disease might be possible in people with AD when the brain’s NAD+ balance is restored.’ (Picture: Getty)
He added: ‘The key takeaway is a message of hope—the effects of Alzheimer’s disease may not be inevitably permanent. The damaged brain can, under some conditions, repair itself and regain function.’ The study is part of a growing wave of very promising lab studies that point to a future where Alzheimer’s and other neurological issues could be a thing of the past. (Picture: Getty)

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Valerie Lolomari takes a selfie
I am one of the more than 230 million girls and women alive today that have undergone female genital mutilation (Picture: Valerie Lolomari)

Following my grandmother through the strange house, a feeling of unease came over me.

That feeling only intensified when we walked into a dark, silent room with nothing but a table inside. 

Then I saw them. Knives, razors and a bowl with oil laid out and two women sitting and staring at me.  

At that moment I knew exactly why we were there.

On that day, they made me one of the more than 230 million girls and women alive today who have undergone female genital mutilation (FGM).

That’s something I can never forgive or forget.

My parents were very young when I was born in Lagos, Nigeria, and at the time my mum got pregnant, she was only 17 and my father was 20. 

Being born a child of young parents, though, meant I was sent to live with and be raised by my grandmother. She became my mother, my comfort, my everything. 

She worked hard running a small shop to support us, and even though that meant I spent a lot of time alone, I never doubted how much she cared. When she came home, she would bring me little sweets or braid my hair while telling me stories. 

When I was 16, she told me that we were going on a holiday – I had never been on holiday before, it truly felt like a dream come true. 

Valerie Lolomari smiles to the camera
FGM has no health benefits whatsoever (Picture: Valerie Lolomari)

I went and packed my luggage thinking I was going back to the village I grew up in. But on the way, she said we needed to make a stop to go and see someone I had never met before.  

I didn’t question this at all. I trusted my grandmother completely.

When we arrived at the strange house, a tall woman – who looked scary to me with her long dress, head wrap and a stern-looking face – opened the door.

Something in me felt unsettled, and when the door shut behind us, the sound echoed in my chest. 

That’s when I first felt the fear creeping in. 

She led us into a dark, silent room with the knives and table. My heart sank. I understood why we were there. 

I had heard of being cut, but only in whispers – I didn’t know what it really meant. I knew my grandmother had been cut, but no one ever talked about it openly. It was treated like a rite of passage, something girls were simply meant to go through. 

About Valerie's organisation, Women of Grace

Women of Grace is a UK-based survivor-led organisation, founded by Valerie. It advocates against FGM and all forms of gender-based violence.

Visit www.womenofgrace.org.uk for more information

I was confused and afraid, but my grandmother told me that it was necessary – that it was something done to make me a woman in our culture, and it was done out of love. The heartbreaking truth is that she really believed that. 

But this isn’t true, of course. FGM has no health benefits whatsoever, and actually does more harm to the natural functions of a girl’s and a woman’s body.

In the immediate aftermath complications can include severe pain, excessive bleeding (haemorrhage), infections, and in some cases death. Longer term issues can be everything from urinary problems to childbirth complications. 

All this on top of the immeasurable number of psychological scars that FGM survivors are left with.

However, my grandmother didn’t know this – she wasn’t trying to hurt me. She was trying to protect me, the only way she knew how. She believed it would secure my place in our community, give me respect, and prepare me for womanhood.

I decided to put up a fight. I fought with everything I had. I screamed, I kicked, I tried to run. But before I knew it, I was on the floor.

Valerie Lolomari at the UN
For a long time, I couldn’t speak to my grandmother about what happened (Picture: Valerie Lolomari)

One of the cutters sat on my chest and the other two held my arms and legs down. Then, with a piece of metal that wasn’t even too sharp, the cutters began the cutting. The pain was unimaginable. 

I was screaming until I couldn’t anymore. Through my tears, I saw my grandmother standing at the door. She was crying. She didn’t say anything. I think at that moment, her heart broke too. 

I was made to lay down on the floor for hours after and we then stayed in that house for two days. The bleeding took time to stop, I was weak and in pain. 

I had constant infections and urinary issues. It was a pain no one could understand and I endured all of it in silence. 

Comment nowDo you think enough is being done to prevent FGM? Have your say in the comments belowComment Now

Summer passed and I had to go back to school and ‘normality’ – not that I ever felt ‘normal’ again. I was changed – I felt isolated and ashamed. I withdrew from friends and stopped laughing like I used to. 

My relationship with my grandmother changed too. For a long time, I couldn’t speak to her about what happened. But with time, I came to understand that she didn’t do it out of cruelty, it was misguided love.

That understanding helped me find peace with her, even if I never forgot what was done. 

I got into university, and during my final year, I met the man who is now my husband. 

He came from a culture that didn’t practice FGM and explaining what I’d been through wasn’t easy. But he listened and held space for me with no judgment. I felt truly seen and accepted. 

Valerie Lolomari smiles to camera
Four million girls are at risk every year (Picture: Valerie Lolomari)

We moved to London in 1998 and luckily were able to have three beautiful children together.

Not all women and girls who are survivors of FGM are able to have this so I feel truly blessed. I never take that for granted, and I promised myself that my daughters will never be cut. 

In 2021, I founded Women of Grace, a UK-based survivor-led organisation working to end FGM and all forms of gender-based violence. 

We support survivors through trauma-informed counselling, safe spaces and legal guidance.

We go into schools and communities to educate, train frontline workers, teachers, doctors and social workers so they know how to identify girls at risk and how to act with sensitivity and care.

We advocate for policy change both in the UK and globally, ensuring survivor voices are at the centre of the conversation. 

And most of all, we create hope. 

Even though the World Health Organization passed a resolution in 2008 to eliminate FGM, it is still practiced in more than 30 countries in Africa, the Middle East and Asia, leaving 4 million girls at risk every year.

Learn more about NSPCC

The NSPCC have been looking out for children for 140 years

If you are worried about a child you can contact the NSPCC helpline on 0808 800 5000 or by email at help@NSPCC.org.uk

Children can call the NSPC’s Childline for free on 0800 1111, send an email, or live chat with a counsellor

The NSPCC is there to help children being abused – whether by an adult or another child. The abuse can be physical, sexual or emotional, and can happen on or offline.

You can find out more here

We must take a stand.

FGM is not tradition. It’s not care. It is violence rooted in inequality. It is a denial of girls’ rights to their bodies, their choices and their futures. 

But it can be stopped, and we are stopping it – one conversation, one intervention, one girl at a time. 

Earlier this year, a letter arrived unexpectedly in the post. I remember opening it slowly, rereading it several times to be sure I’d understood it correctly.

I was being appointed an MBE in the 2026 New Year’s Honours.

I felt overwhelmed with gratitude and emotion. It was humbling, affirming, and deeply moving not just for me, but for everyone who has walked this journey with me and believed in the work of protecting women and girls.

No girl or woman should have to suffer like I did. And because of Women of Grace, many never will. 

Do you have a story you’d like to share? Get in touch by emailing Ross.Mccafferty@metro.co.uk. 

Share your views in the comments below.

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Red tub next to glass filled with blue coloured liquid
Here’s to better gut health in 2026! (Picture: Metro/Selfish Supps/Boots/Getty)

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’Tis the season for indulgence. That is, until you’re flat on the sofa, regretting that extra glass of Baileys and clutching a painfully full tummy that feels seconds away from bursting through your festive, fleece pyjamas.

But if you’re battling the post-Christmas sludge, shoppers say this supplement can banish the bloat fast.

The Balance My Gut powder from Selfish Supps is £29 at Boots and works as a daily biotic blend of micro-blues and phyto-greens, turbo-charged with sea moss, blue spirulina and chlorella.

Sea moss is loved for its gut-soothing, fibre-rich goodness, while blue spirulina is known for being anti-inflammatory, and chlorella is packed with antioxidants to help support digestion and overall gut health.

Red tub of product

Selfish Supps 240g Blueberry Bliss Flavour

This do-it-all micro-blue and phyto-greens powder is packed with nutrient-rich ingredients to support your wellness goals.

Boosted with sea moss, blue spirulina, and chlorella, it delivers a powerful blend of superfoods in a refreshing blueberry flavour.

Perfect for adding a daily dose of vitality to your routine, this energising formula helps you feel your best from the inside out.

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It comes in a blueberry flavour that customers say delivers a deliciously sweet hit without any artificial sweeteners. Just mix it with water, or whatever you’re drinking, and for best results, take it ahead of your meal to give your digestion the extra support it needs.

‘My bloating has vanished in a really short space of time,’ Julie said in her review. ‘And it’s really tasty either on its own or in a smoothie. Recommend!’

Will insisted that the difference was huge after just weeks of taking the supplement, explaining: ‘I’ve struggled with that sluggish, ‘heavy’ feeling for ages, especially after big meals. I decided to try Balance My Gut based on a friend’s recommendation here in Australia. I’ve been taking it daily for about three weeks now, and the difference is massive.’

Glass filled with blue coloured liquid
One tub contains 30 servings. (Picture: Metro/Selfish Supps)

He added: ‘I feel genuinely less bloated and much lighter throughout the day. It’s become a non-negotiable part of my morning routine, and it’s definitely helping me feel more balanced and energetic.’

Francesca also said the results were rapid, insisting she’d been flooded with positive comments about her glowing skin too.

‘I’ve been taking this daily for a couple of weeks now and I’m really impressed so far! I noticed a difference after just a few uses – less bloating and everything feels more balanced. I’ve also been getting extra comments in work about my glowing skin, which I think is linked to using this product. It actually tastes good too, which was a nice surprise. Super easy to take and feels like it’s really working. Definitely planning to keep using it.’

So why not take the plunge? Judging from the reviews, your tummy will certainly thank you for it!

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Man support his old grandmother, holds her hands.
Death rates rise over the winter months (Picture: Getty Images)

Over the past week, celebrity deaths seem to have dominated headlines.

From Brigitte Bardot to Chris Rea, it may feel like every second notification that pops up on your phone right now brings yet another morbid announcement.

But this isn’t a new phenomenon for 2025, nor is it restricted to famous names; death rates spike across the board around this time of year.

According to the Office for National Statistics (ONS), fatalities peak in January and December, with these two months accounting for almost 20% of the annual total.

The most recent figures available show that 1,269 people died each day in September 2016 on average, compared to 1,487 and 1,588 in December and January respectively. All in, there were over 10,000 fewer deaths in September than either of these months.

I know it hurts and I'm here for you
It’s important to seek medical advice and mental health support (Picture Getty Images)

Why do death rates rise around Christmas and New Year?

While part of the increase in ‘excess mortality’ during winter may be down to colder weather, the ONS claims this is a seasonal issue affecting ‘mainly elderly people and those who already have serious health problems.’

Dr Suzanne Wylie, GP and medical adviser for IQdoctor, is among the many professionals who witness an ‘observable increase in deaths’ around Christmas and New Year.

Typically, this is due to cardiovascular disease, respiratory illness such as pneumonia and flu, complications of chronic conditions like COPD and heart failure, and infections.

Beyond specific causes of death, though, Dr Wylie tells Metro it’s often a case of ‘several risk factors coinciding at once’, adding: ‘Christmas can be a time of joy, but it also highlights existing vulnerabilities, both medical and social, which can sadly contribute to poorer outcomes for some patients.’

Healthcare access

One big issue at play here is a shift in healthcare access and uptake during the festive period.

‘Healthcare services are under increased pressure, with reduced access to routine GP appointments and some community services scaled back, which can delay assessment and treatment,’ says Dr Wylie.

‘Patients themselves may also be more reluctant to seek medical help over the festive period, not wanting to “make a fuss” or disrupt family plans.’

Average deaths in England by month from 2014 to 2016

Age UK assessed the most recent ONS release on registered deaths in England to find average monthly numbers:

  • January – 153,933
  • February – 132,959
  • March – 138,955
  • April – 127,967
  • May – 124,099
  • June – 116,682
  • July – 119,222
  • August – 118,910
  • September – 81,293
  • October – 129,066
  • November – 129,541
  • December – 150,670

Certain demographics are particularly vulnerable without support; especially older adults, those living alone or with multiple long-term conditions.

‘Frail patients can deteriorate quickly if they develop an infection, become dehydrated, or experience a fall,’ Dr Wylie adds.

Festive excess

Changes to our eating, drinking and sleeping habits are another reason we see increased fatalities around Christmas and New Year.

Dr Wylie notes: ‘Dietary excess, increased alcohol consumption, disrupted sleep and missed medications, can all exacerbate underlying health conditions, particularly in those with heart disease or diabetes.’

According to one study, heart attacks peak around Christmas Eve, which researchers argue is likely due to people engaging in ‘potentially stressful social interactions and provocative behaviours they would not normally expose themselves to.’

Christmas tree close up with employees
It’s often a busy period for hospital staff (Picture: Getty Images)

As a result, ‘twixmas’ (between December 26 and January 1) is often a busy time in hospitals and doctors’ surgeries, with healthcare workers tackling ‘a surge of acute presentations that may have been brewing for some time’ and ‘admissions related to falls, alcohol-related harm, and exacerbations of chronic disease.’

Winter weather

Even when people avoid overindulging, certain illnesses – which can prove fatal when someone is in poor health – are more common in winter.

‘Cold weather places additional strain on the body, increasing blood pressure and the risk of heart attacks and strokes, while respiratory viruses circulate more readily when people spend more time indoors,’ Dr Wylie says.

People with chronic respiratory disease are at greatest risk when it comes to winter viruses, while those with cardiovascular disease are likely to be worst affected by a drop in temperature.

Mental ill health

While (contrary to popular belief) December has the lowest reported suicide rate of any month, numbers often surge after Christmas, which has been blamed on a ‘rebound effect’ as the festive season ends. 

Especially for people experiencing social isolation, homelessness, or significant mental health difficulties, Dr Wylie highlights that ‘Christmas can intensify feelings of loneliness, depression and distress.’

And as New Year approaches, researchers argue many deal with ‘unmet expectations’ of social connection and support during the holidays, leading to ‘frustration and disappointment which may trigger suicidal reactions’.

Need support?

For emotional support, you can call the Samaritans 24-hour helpline on 116 123, email jo@samaritans.org, or visit the Samaritans website.

If you’re a young person, or concerned about a young person, you can also contact PAPYRUS, the Prevention of Young Suicide UK. Their HOPELINE247 is open every day of the year, 24 hours a day. to get in touch, call 0800 068 4141, text 88247 or email: pat@papyrus-uk.org.

The ‘holding on’ phenomenon

‘Many clinicians notice that patients – particularly those with a terminal illness – sometimes “hold on” until after Christmas, seemingly determined to reach the milestone of the festive period with their family,’ says Dr Wylie.

In this year’s Gone Fishing Christmas special, Bob Mortimer shared a similar story about his beloved late father-in-law who passed awayfollowing a long battle with serious illness — just moments after the family told him they loved him on a visit to the hospital on Christmas Day 2024.

Although there’s no scientific evidence that people can time their death, many healthcare professionals tell of people who defied the odds to survive a major holiday or significant event, only to die immediately thereafter.

On a Reddit thread discussing this phenomenon, hospice nurse Infactinfarctinfart wrote: ‘I’ve seen patients wait for weddings, births, visitors etc, and I’ve discussed it with hospice providers who have witnessed the same thing.

‘One provider told me that they think it has to do with the autonomic nervous system: their adrenaline is keeping them going. Once the anticipation is over, their body can relax and let go.

‘This is why it’s important for loved ones to give the dying person “permission” to pass. They’re too scared to let go or too scared to leave loved ones who still “need” them.’

Do you have a story to share?

Get in touch by emailing MetroLifestyleTeam@Metro.co.uk.